晖字在名字的意思:英译中 帮帮忙

Public servants themselves are more often personally accountable for their actions and the achievement of results. The balance of accountability is passing from old forms of responsibility to other forms, especially more efficient and accountable management systems. The basic aims of a managerial approach are to achieve goals rather than comply with rules or procedures, to improve responsiveness to clients, and to inject a concern with costs and the most effective use of limited resources. Letting the managers manage means that accountability can be more direct. If the manager is given the resources to carry out a specific job and is personally responsible for achieving it, it should then be obvious later whether or not the task has been achieved.
In order for this to work there needs to be some recognition of a new form of accountability. This would be a system of accountable management. Of course, more is involved than merely delegating a task to a manager. These dose need to be : ‘an agreed definition of tasks, measures of performance, appropriate organization and control of resources, systems for monitoring and reporting, and incentives and sanction’ (OECD, 1991a,p.10). Once the broad parameters are established by the political leadership, it is the manager who is responsible for the organization achieving its objectives.
There are three parts to the adoption of accountable management. First, accountability will be improved by clearer specification of what is actually done by all organizations within government. This means that achievement or lack of achievement of results should be quite transparent. Those in favour would argue that doing these things should help improve management by providing incentives for organizations to achieve targets. In the traditional model there was never any real way of deciding whether results had been achieved, so public servants could and hide unsatisfactory performance from political or public gaze.