试管人工周期是怎样:状语有几种 怎么用

状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下:

1． 时间状语从句

常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until

特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when

I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.
While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard.
No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.

2． 地点状语从句

常用引导词：where

特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere

Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
Wherever you go, you should work hard.

3． 原因状语从句

常用引导词：because, since, as, since

特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, inasmuch as, insomuch as

My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.
Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.
The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.
Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.

4． 目的状语从句

常用引导词：so that, in order that

特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that

The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.

5． 结果状语从句

常用引导词：so … that, so… that, such … that,

特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,

He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.
To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.

6． 条件状语从句

常用引导词：if, unless,

特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that

We’ll start our project if the president agrees.
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.

7． 让步状语从句

常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though

特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter …， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever

Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.
尽管我很尊敬他， 我却不同意他的建议。
The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.
No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
He won’t listen whatever you may say.

8． 比较状语从句

常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)

特殊引导词：the more … the more … ; just as …， so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B

She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。

9． 方式状语从句

常用引导词：as, as if, how

特殊引导词：the way

When in Rome, do as the Roman do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
参考资料：www.jxue.com.mid

状语
1) 修饰谓语的句子成分是状语。它分为：

Wo bist du jetzt? (时间状语)

你现在在哪儿？

Ich gehe zur Schule? (地点状语)

我去上学。

Das Geschaeft bleibt wegen Umbaues geschlossen. (原因状语)

此工厂由于改建关闭了。

Wenn es nicht regnet, komme ich. (条件状语)

如不下雨，我就来。

Ich komme, um meine Freundin zu besuchen. (目的状语)

我来是为了看我的女友。

Er verkauft alles zu kleinen Preisen. (方式状语)

他低价销出一切货物。

Obwohl er mein Freund ist, ich kann ihm in diesem Fall nicht helfen. (让步状语)

尽管他是我的朋友，但在此情况下我也不能帮他。

Wuerden Sie bitte langsamer sprechen? (情况状语)

请您慢一点儿说，行吗？

2) 可做状语的词类和形式

1- 副词和形容词

Ich habe sie oft dort gesehen.

我经常在那儿看到他。

Sie spricht sehr gut Deutsch.

他能说非常好的德文。

2- 介词短语

Sie konnte vor Schmerzen nicht schlafen.

他疼得睡不着。

Alle Leute lieben ihn wegen seiner Freundlichkeit.

因为他待人友好，所有的人都喜欢他。

3- 分词和分词短语

Laechend antwortete sie uns.

他笑着回答我们。

Durch Krankheit verhindert, musste der Saenger das Konzert verschieben.

由于生病，歌唱家只好将此音乐会改期。

4- 第二格和第四格名词

Er hat den ganzen Tag in der Fabrik gearbeitet.

他在工厂工作了一整天。

Eines Tages schlug ein Blitz in unser Haus ein.

一天，闪电打到我家的房子上。

5- 不定式短语

Statt dies mit Worten zu schildern, zeige ich dir Bilder.

下面我来说说英语中的“状语”：

英语中,修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分叫状语（adverbial)。

状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。

状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。

副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。

1.副词一般在句子中做状语．

He speaks English very well.

He is playing under the tree.中的under the tree

2. 不定式在句子中可以作目的状语。

I come specially to see you.

3.介词短语

My parents often tell us about their bitter life in the past.

Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian.

The boy was praised for his bravery.

4.从句作状语

When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian.

If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.

5.分词作状语

Having had a quarrel with his wife, he left home in a bad temper。

Inhibited in one direction, it now seems that the Mississippi is about to take another.