蜜月愉快是什么意思:traderstanding 的意思

traderstanding是什么意思，搜索、辞典等等都查不到。但确实有人用过这个词：

1. What has changed since the publication of PDA's 1988 position paper is an traderstanding of the inherent limitations of any technology built around the exclusion of microorganisms rather than the physical destruction of those microorganisms.

2. Studies of community structure in an ecotone through time will elucidate successional trends.
Combining this information with an understanding of determinant factors for community structure
in short biological time scales should permit a clearer traderstanding of the importance of biological
and physical factors in directing successional trends (Isawa 1982).

以上例子中，traderstanding 似乎是一个关键词。决定了对证据的正确理解。

可以理解为“方向的转变”吗？请高人回答！
用hotbot搜出这样一句话：
HBOT has been touted for years as an adjunctive therapy in chronic wound healing. In the past 10 years it has been increasingly viewed as a drug with one of its most powerful effects, being an inhibition of white-blood-cell-mediated repeffusion injury. Multiple clinical studies on HBOT effects have emerged in the past without a clear traderstanding of the underlying mechanisms.