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来源：百度文库 编辑：神马品牌网 时间：2024/04/29 18:59:19
云南煤炭具有类型、煤种齐全，成煤期众多，资源丰富，分布不均衡（东富、西贫）的特点，云南累计探明煤矿储量224.0亿t,保有储量240.6亿t。云南煤矿分属早石炭世、早二叠世、晚二叠世、晚三叠世、中新世、上新世、和更新世等七个成煤期。而又高度集中于新第三纪和晚二叠世。
通过调查得出了云南煤矿的天然放射性水平：主要是褐煤、低变质烟煤、中变质烟煤和高变质烟煤的天然放射性水平。其中褐煤中放射性核素238U、232Th、226Ra的平均比活度分别为：87.1Bq/kg、31.3Bq/kg、60.0Bq/kg。低变质烟煤（包括长焰煤、不粘煤和弱粘煤）天然放射性水平较低，（238U：33.2～50.0Bq/kg、232Th：52.5～54.4Bq/kg、226Ra：30.6～56.5Bq/kg），比活度明显低于褐煤，且伴生的铀、镭基本平衡，铀、钍亦基本平衡。中变质烟煤即炼焦用煤（包括气煤、气肥煤、肥煤、1/3焦煤、焦煤、瘦煤、贫瘦煤，统称烟煤）中天然放射性水平238U：74.55±53.07Bq/kg、232Th：41.38±29.21Bq/kg、226Ra：63.59±50.63Bq/kg，低于褐煤中的放射性均值，且伴生的铀镭基本平衡，铀钍偏铀。高变质煤（包括无烟煤和贫煤）放射性水平相对较低，（238U：29.1Bq/kg、232Th：25.9Bq/kg、226Ra：37.5Bq/kg），明显低于褐煤和烟煤的放射性水平，且波动范围较小、相对稳定
通过对临沧铀锗煤矿田和开远小龙潭（煤矿）电厂作出调查比对，说明了天然放射性核素（238U、232Th、226Ra）比活度在利用过程中的转移以及给当地放射环境带来的影响。
The coal is that the widest that our country is distributed, a kind of plentiful mineral products, it is formed after the radiation energy of the sun is transformed , it is the fuel of fossil. Intensity with can divide into according to coal its: Brown coal , jet coal , glue coal,, weak to glue coal , 1/2 glue coal , bottle coal , gas rich coal , fat coal , 1/3 coking coal , coking coal , , lean coal
It is complete that Yunnan coal has type , coal, it is numerous to become coal one, resources are abundant , the characteristic that it is unbalanced (poor in the east richness , the west ) to be distributed, verify the reserves 22,400 milliont of the colliery , reserves 24,060 milliont totally in Yunnan. Yunnan colliery belong to early generation , early two generation , late two generation , late three generation such as charcoal such as stone, Miocene Epoch, have new generation , become coal with seven such as Pleistocene respectively And highly concentrate on new Tertiary Period and late two generations.
Have produced the natural radioactive level of the colliery of Yunnan through the investigation: Mainly it is brown coal , it is low bituminous coals rotten, in bituminous coal and levels radioactives natural of bituminous coals rottens highs rotten. Radioactive nuclide 238U , 232Th in the brown coal among them,, 226Ra average than activity is: 87.1Bq/kg , 31.3Bq/kg , 60.0Bq/kg. Low rotten bituminous coal (jet coal, it glues coal to be and weak to glue coal), natural radioactive level lower, ( 238U: 33.2- 50.0Bq/kg , 232Th: 52.5- 54.4Bq/kg , 226Ra: 30.6- 56.5Bq/kg ), obviously lower than the brown coal than activity, and the uranium , radium which the companion grew is in a basic balance, uranium , thorium are also in a basic balance. The rotten bituminous coal in China is the coal for coking (including the bottle coal , gas rich coal , fat coal , 1/3 of the coking coal , coking coal , lean coal , meager lean coal, it is referred to as for bituminous coal) in natural to be horizontal in radioactivity for 238U: 74.55± 53.07Bq/kg , 232Th: 41.38± 29.21Bq/kg , 226Ra: 63.59± 50.63Bq/kg, lower than the radioactive mean value of the brown coal , and the uranium radium which the companion grew is in a basic balance, uranium thorium leans towards uranium. The high rotten coal (including the anthracite and meager coal ) radioactive level is relatively low, ( 238U: 29.1Bq/kg , 232Th: 25.9Bq/kg , 226Ra: 37.5Bq/kg) , obviously lower than the radioactive levels of the brown coal and bituminous coal, and fluctuating range little relatively stable until Lincang uranium germanium colliery HeKai Tian little dragon's pool (colliery ) power plant make , investigate than right far correctly, prove natural radioactive nuclide (238U , 232Th , 226Ra ) than activity transformation in the course of utilizing and give locality radiate influence that environment bring.
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