橙光阅读器下载安装:定语从句难点该如何突破？

定语从句的正确使用，也是很难把握的，因此在短文改错中会形成难点。难点主要有：关系代词和关系副词的分辨以及一些特殊引导词的使用，如whose, as等。

难点回顾：

1. 关系代词和关系副词的区别：
在判断和使用引导词时，我们主要采用以下方法：判成分、看指代。首先，判断引导词在定语从句中所作的成分，如果引导词作主语、宾语、表语或定语，就用关系代词that（作主语、宾语或表语）, which（作主语、宾语或定语）, who（作主语或宾语）, whom（作宾语）, as（作主语、宾语或表语）, whose（作定语），其中that, which, who, whom作宾语时，一般可省略; 如果作状语，就用关系副词when（作时间状语，相当于"介词+which"）, where（作地点状语, 相当于"介词+which"）, why（作原因状语, 相当于for which）。其次，看引导词指代什么，如果指物，就用which; 如果指人，就用 who, whom; that 和whose既可指人, 又可指物。
〔误〕 Do you think the reason why he gave us is reasonable?
〔正〕 Do you think the reason that/which he gave us is reasonable?
〔析〕此处定语从句的引导词作从句中动词的宾语。
〔误〕 This is the student who’s composition won the first prize.
〔正〕 This is the student whose composition won the first prize.
〔析〕whose引导定语从句，本身作定语修饰后面的名词。

2．as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别：
as和which引导非限制性定语从句时，都可在从句中作主语或宾语。
但当从句中的谓语动词是实义动词时，一般用which, 而不用as。which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句的后面，意为"这一点"；as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、之中或之后，经常用于as is said above, as we know, as is well known, as is often the case, as is reported, as was expected等结构中，as含有"正如、正像"之意。
〔误〕 She always shows off her beautiful clothes, as made the others unhappy.
〔正〕 She always shows off her beautiful clothes, which made the others unhappy.
〔析〕which引导非限制性定语从句，作"这一点"讲，指代前面整个主句的内容。
〔误〕 Which is often the case, he stays up late before the exam.
〔正〕 As is often the case, he stays up late before the exam.
〔析〕 见上述说明。

3．介词提前时，应如何选择合适的介词？
介词提前时，定语从句的引导词只能用 which, whom, whose,而不能用that或who。在判断使用什么样的介词时，一要看句意；二要看搭配关系，即看后面的谓语动词和前面被定语从句修饰的名词以确定应搭配什么样的介词。介词提前有以下几种情况：
〔误〕 The clever boy made a hole in the wall, in which he could see what was happening inside the house.
〔正〕 The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through which he could see what was happening inside the house.
〔析〕从句意和介词跟名词的搭配上看，定语从句引导词应用表示"从……中间穿过"之意的介词through。
〔误〕 There were two things of which they took pride.
〔正〕 There were two things in which they took pride.
〔析〕take pride in=be proud of。

典例调研

〔例1〕 I prefer the house which window faces the lake.
which→whose。whose引导定语从句时，本身作定语修饰后面的名词。

〔例2〕 Which is known to all, he is the best student in our class.
Which→As。as引导非限制性定语从句时，可以放在主句的前面，也可以放在主句的后面。which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句的后面。

〔例3〕 This is not the dictionary at which the teacher spoke in class.
at→of。speak of为固定搭配，"谈到"。

〔例4〕 I like the same book like you bought yesterday.
第二个like 改为as。the same as属固定搭配。

〔例5〕 The first lesson which I learnt will never be forgotten.
which→that。前面出现序数词、最高级以及不定代词时，定语从句只能用that引导。

〔例6〕 I often thought of the happy days that I stayed in Beijing.
that→when。when引导定语从句时，本身在定语从句中作时间状语。

【指导·借鉴】

掌握定语从句引导词的基本用法，从"成分"和"指代"的角度去选择适当的引导词，并注意一些特殊引导词的意义和用法以及它们之间的区别。

强化闯关

1．The woman, of whom I learned the news, is a nurse.

2. She has three children, all of which are at school.

3. My glasses, with which I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.

4. These are the most interesting books are on show.

5. They are talking about the teachers and schools which they have visited.

6. We’ll meet at the same place where we met last month.

7. My father works in a factory where makes computer.

8. I don’t like the way how you listen with your mouth half?open.

9. The girl who you want to see is the one lives next to me.

10. His mother bought him two books, both of them were what he liked.

答案及解析：

1. of→from。learn sth. from sb.意为"从某人那儿获得消息"。

2. which→whom。此处指人,故只能用whom引导定语从句。

3. with→without。从意思判断可知是"没有"眼镜不行。

4. were前加that。定语从句缺少主语。

5. which→that。当先行词既指人又指物时，定语从句引导词只能用that。

6. where→as。the same as...是固定搭配。

7. where→which/that。 此处引导词在定语从句中作主语。

8. how→that。way后不能用how引导定语从句，只能用that或in which。

9. lives前加that。定语从句缺少主语，而且前面的先行词是不定代词。

10. them→which。此处构成的是定语从句，故应用定语从句的引导词。

这个问题太抽象,呵呵,具体点啊.

定语从句是中学英语教学中的重点，是英语学习中的难点，也是各种考试中经常考查的一项内容。中学英语课本对定语从句作了明了简要的讲解，而且提供了较多的练习以帮助学生掌握定语从句的用法。然而在英语学习中，我们经常会碰到教科书中未列出的定语从句，本文对此加以补遗，以期对同学们有所启迪。

1. but用作关系代词，引导定语从句，常出现在否定句中。but在从句中常用作主语，意思相当于who not或that not。例如：

There was no one of us but wished to see the film yesterday evening, for it was very interesting.

昨天晚上我们没有一个人不想去看那部电影，因为它很有趣。

There are few but admire his ability.

没有人不钦佩他的能力。

2. than可以用作关系代词，引导定语从句，常用在先行词被形容词比较级所修饰的句子中，than在从句中常用作主语。例如：

A computer has more use than is expected.

计算机的用处比预想的还多。

He gave the old man more money than is needed.

他给老人的钱比老人需要的还要多。

3. as用作关系代词，引导定语从句，并在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。as引导定语从句，主要出现在下列情况：

（1）先行词前面有such或the same修饰时。例如：

I have found such a book as was used by Xiao Wang. （as作主语）

我已经找到了像小王用过的那样一本书。

It is not the same school as it was. （as作表语）

这所学校不是过去的样子了。

注意：as用作关系代词时，它所指的是和先行词属同类的事物，而不是同一事物。例如：

You can”t take the same book that he is reading.

你不能拿他正看的那本书。

注：这里如用as代替that，则表示与先行词同类的另一事物，而这里指的是同一本书（即同一事物），不可能被两个人同时拿。

（2）先行词本身是such或the same时。例如：

This book is not such as I wished.

这本书不是我原来想要的那本。

His pen is the same as I bought yesterday.

他的笔和我昨天买的笔一样。

（3）as引导非限制性定语从句时，as可以位于句首。as在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。例如：

As is expected, he won the first place. （作主语）

As we know, the earth is round. （作宾语）

As he looks, he is an honest man. （作表语）

注：（1）这些句子中的as不能用which代替，因为which引导的定语从句不能置于句首。
定语从句的正确使用，也是很难把握的，因此在短文改错中会形成难点。难点主要有：关系代词和关系副词的分辨以及一些特殊引导词的使用，如whose, as等。

难点回顾：

1. 关系代词和关系副词的区别：
在判断和使用引导词时，我们主要采用以下方法：判成分、看指代。首先，判断引导词在定语从句中所作的成分，如果引导词作主语、宾语、表语或定语，就用关系代词that（作主语、宾语或表语）, which（作主语、宾语或定语）, who（作主语或宾语）, whom（作宾语）, as（作主语、宾语或表语）, whose（作定语），其中that, which, who, whom作宾语时，一般可省略; 如果作状语，就用关系副词when（作时间状语，相当于"介词+which"）, where（作地点状语, 相当于"介词+which"）, why（作原因状语, 相当于for which）。其次，看引导词指代什么，如果指物，就用which; 如果指人，就用 who, whom; that 和whose既可指人, 又可指物。
〔误〕 Do you think the reason why he gave us is reasonable?
〔正〕 Do you think the reason that/which he gave us is reasonable?
〔析〕此处定语从句的引导词作从句中动词的宾语。
〔误〕 This is the student who’s composition won the first prize.
〔正〕 This is the student whose composition won the first prize.
〔析〕whose引导定语从句，本身作定语修饰后面的名词。

2．as和which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别：
as和which引导非限制性定语从句时，都可在从句中作主语或宾语。
但当从句中的谓语动词是实义动词时，一般用which, 而不用as。which 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句的后面，意为"这一点"；as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、之中或之后，经常用于as is said above, as we know, as is well known, as is often the case, as is reported, as was expected等结构中，as含有"正如、正像"之意。
〔误〕 She always shows off her beautiful clothes, as made the others unhappy.
〔正〕 She always shows off her beautiful clothes, which made the others unhappy.
〔析〕which引导非限制性定语从句，作"这一点"讲，指代前面整个主句的内容。
〔误〕 Which is often the case, he stays up late before the exam.
〔正〕 As is often the case, he stays up late before the exam.
〔析〕 见上述说明。

3．介词提前时，应如何选择合适的介词？
介词提前时，定语从句的引导词只能用 which, whom, whose,而不能用that或who。在判断使用什么样的介词时，一要看句意；二要看搭配关系，即看后面的谓语动词和前面被定语从句修饰的名词以确定应搭配什么样的介词。介词提前有以下几种情况：
〔误〕 The clever boy made a hole in the wall, in which he could see what was happening inside the house.
〔正〕 The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through which he could see what was happening inside the house.
〔析〕从句意和介词跟名词的搭配上看，定语从句引导词应用表示"从……中间穿过"之意的介词through。
〔误〕 There were two things of which they took pride.
〔正〕 There were two things in which they took pride.
〔析〕take pride in=be proud of。
典例调研
〔例1〕 I prefer the house which window faces the lake.
which→whose。whose引导定语从句时，本身作定语修饰后面的名词。
〔例2〕 Which is known to all, he is the best student in our class.
Which→As。as引导非限制性定语从句时，可以放在主句的前面，也可以放在主句的后面。which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句的后面。
〔例3〕 This is not the dictionary at which the teacher spoke in class.
at→of。speak of为固定搭配，"谈到"。
〔例4〕 I like the same book like you bought yesterday.
第二个like 改为as。the same as属固定搭配。
〔例5〕 The first lesson which I learnt will never be forgotten.
which→that。前面出现序数词、最高级以及不定代词时，定语从句只能用that引导。
〔例6〕 I often thought of the happy days that I stayed in Beijing.
that→when。when引导定语从句时，本身在定语从句中作时间状语。
【指导·借鉴】
掌握定语从句引导词的基本用法，从"成分"和"指代"的角度去选择适当的引导词，并注意一些特殊引导词的意义和用法以及它们之间的区别。
强化闯关
1．The woman, of whom I learned the news, is a nurse.
2. She has three children, all of which are at school.
3. My glasses, with which I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.
4. These are the most interesting books are on show.
5. They are talking about the teachers and schools which they have visited.
6. We’ll meet at the same place where we met last month.
7. My father works in a factory where makes computer.
8. I don’t like the way how you listen with your mouth half?open.
9. The girl who you want to see is the one lives next to me.
10. His mother bought him two books, both of them were what he liked.
答案及解析：
1. of→from。learn sth. from sb.意为"从某人那儿获得消息"。
2. which→whom。此处指人,故只能用whom引导定语从句。
3. with→without。从意思判断可知是"没有"眼镜不行。
4. were前加that。定语从句缺少主语。
5. which→that。当先行词既指人又指物时，定语从句引导词只能用that。
6. where→as。the same as...是固定搭配。
7. where→which/that。 此处引导词在定语从句中作主语。
8. how→that。way后不能用how引导定语从句，只能用that或in which。
9. lives前加that。定语从句缺少主语，而且前面的先行词是不定代词。
10. them→which。此处构成的是定语从句，故应用定语从句的引导词。

所谓定语从句，就是作定语成分，相当于形容词，但现在是由一个句子来形容。所以只要知道它要修饰的是什么，就可以判断用什么词。这是最基本的，其次判断它做什么成分就可以了。
具体的 我真不知道怎么说 不过这样把，你相信我的话，加我：306618265 我现在大一，应该可以帮你