马丁·斯科塞斯新片:急寻英语文章~~~

http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/4636634.html
楼主是不是对我们这些回答都不满意所以另开了一帖？

这个是我最喜欢的一个“数学”故事 = =
阿基米德（Archimedes）推算皇冠是不是纯金打造的。
http://www.science-projects.com/Archimedes.htm

"Eureka! Eureka!"

The king of Sparta decided that he needed a new gold crown, which he could make from some of the booty he had gotten from his victories. The king gave his most reputable goldsmith a small brick of gold that measured 3 x 6 x 8 cm and weighed 2,765 gms, and ordered him to turn it into a new crown. Several weeks later, the goldsmith delivered the crown to the king, who weighed it and found it to be exactly 2,765 gms. The king was delighted, until he had a dream that the goldsmith had taken some of the gold and diluted it with some base metal to make up the difference in weight, and kept the unused gold for himself.

The goldsmith had thought of this, but decided to risk his life on the fact that no one could calculate the volume of the crown, and that the king would not melt his crown back into a measurable block so that its density could be calculated. The goldsmith was right: the king didn't want to melt down the crown. Nevertheless, the king wanted assurance that he was not dooped, and gave public notice of a prize to anyone who could determine the volume of his crown.

As legend has it, Archimedes was in the baths relaxing and watching the goings-on around him. He noticed that whenever someone got into a tub the water level rose. Suddenly an idea came to him: the concept of the conservation of matter. Total volume = volume A + volume B. He jumped up and ran naked down the street towards the palace shouting "Eureka! Eureka!", which means "I have found it" in ancient Greek. Now the king was not shocked to see this naked man knocking at his palace door because most men in those Spartan days wore little or nothing in that hot and humid climate. So the king invited Archimedes in, and soon the two were bent over a table upon which was a bucket, which was absolutely full to the brim, inside of another empty bucket. As the men slowly lowered the crown into the inner bucket, a little water spilled out into the outer bucket.

Finally, the whole crown was submerged, and the inner bucket was carefully lifted out so that no splashing occurred. The water in the inner bucket was found to weigh 169 grams. Then Archimedes, who up to then was a nobody-geek in this city full of athletic warriors, explained to the king that the original block of gold was 144 cubic centimeters in size, which would displace 144 grams of water. Thus the new crown has more volume than the original gold brick, but weighs just the same. The goldsmith must have sliced off a piece of the gold brick and kept it for himself, then added something else to the remaining gold being careful to add enough of the base metal to make up the required original weight.

阿基米德（Archimedes，前287年—前212年），伟大的古希腊哲学家、数学家、物理学家。出生于西西里岛的叙拉古。阿基米德到过亚历山大里亚，据说他住在亚历山大里亚时期发明了阿基米德式螺旋提水器，今天在埃及仍旧使用着。第二次布匿战争时期，罗马大军围攻叙拉古，最后阿基米德不幸死在罗马士兵之手。

他一生专心研究科学上的体积和浮力问题，有一个有趣的故事，就是当时候国王叫金匠打造一顶纯金的皇冠，国王因为怀疑金匠加了杂物，就请阿基米德鉴定，阿基米德一直在想鉴定的方法，就在他走进浴缸里洗澡的时候，看见满出去的水时，悟出利用浮力测量不规则物体体积的方法，他高兴的跑出浴室，大叫：“我找到了！Eureka！Eureka!”一时忘了自己是光着身体。
http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%9F%BA%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7

google the word Lagrange or Euler ect, flood of reply! I dunno which aspect r u showing most interest, but no matter wat it is, to check those set set is helpful.

《简爱》