7.25蛋刀幻化:谁有出师表 请发给我 小弟先谢了

[出师表]:

　　臣亮言：先帝创业未半而中道崩殂[1]，今天下三分，益州疲弊[2]，此诚危急存亡之秋也。然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之珠遇[3]，欲报之于陛下也。诚宜开张圣听[4]，以光先帝遗德[5]，恢弘志士之气[6]，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义[7]，以塞忠谏之路也。
　　宫中府中[8]，俱为一体，陟罚臧否，不宜异同[9]。若有作奸犯科及为忠善者[10]，宜付有司论其刑赏[11]，以昭陛下平明之理[12]，不宜偏私，使内外异法也[13]。
　　侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等[14]，此皆良实，志虑忠纯[15]，是以先帝简拔以遗陛下[16]。愚以为宫中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之[17]，然后施行，必能裨补缺漏[18]，有所广益。
　　将军向宠，性行淑均[19]，晓畅军事，试用于昔日，先帝称之曰能，是以众议举宠为督[20]。愚以为营中之事，悉以咨之，必能使行阵和睦，优劣得所[21]。
　　亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也[22]。侍中、尚书、长史、参军[23]，此悉贞良死节之臣[24]，愿陛下亲之信之，则汉室之隆，可计日而待也。
　　臣本布衣[25]，躬耕于南阳[26]，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰[27]。后值倾覆[28]，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间，尔来二十有一年矣。
　　先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也[29]。受命以来，夙夜忧叹[30]，恐托付不效，以伤先帝之明，故五月渡泸[31]，深入不毛[32]。今南方已定[33]，兵甲已足，当奖率三军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝[34]，攘除奸凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都。此臣所以报先帝，而忠陛下之职分也。至于斟酌损益[35]，进尽忠言，则攸之、祎、允之任也。
　　愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效，不效则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵；若无兴德之言，则责攸之、祎、允等之慢[36]，以彰其咎[37]；陛下亦宜自谋，以谘诹善道[38]，察纳雅言[39]，深追先帝遗诏[40]。臣不胜受恩感激。
　　今当远离，临表涕零，不知所言。

　　[注释]：

　　[1]先帝：指刘备。崩殂：死。古时皇帝死亡叫“崩”，又叫“殂”。[2]益州：现四川省一带。这里指蜀汉。疲弊：困乏。指刘备于章武二年[222]被东吴陆逊所败事。[3]殊遇：特别的待遇。[4]开张圣听：扩大圣明的听闻。[5]以：表示目的和结果。“以”后边的行动是“以”前边的行动的目的。光：发扬光大。[6]恢弘：发扬扩大。[7]引喻：称引，譬喻。义：适宜，恰当。[8]宫中：指皇帝宫中。府中：丞相府中。[9]陟：进用官吏。罚：惩罚。臧：善，褒扬。否：恶，责备。臧、否，都用作动词。[10]作奸犯科：做奸邪事情，犯科条法令。科：条令。[11]有司：职有专司，就是专门管理某种事情的官。刑：罚。[12]理：治。[13]内外异法：宫内和朝廷刑赏之法不同。[14]侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允：郭攸之、费祎是侍中，董允是侍郎。侍中、侍郎：都是官名，出入皇宫，侍奉皇帝的近臣。[15]良实：善良诚实。志虑：志向和心思。忠纯：忠贞不贰。[16]简拔：选拔。简：同“柬”，选拔。[17]咨：询问。悉：都。[18]必能裨补缺漏：一定能够补救缺点和疏漏之处。[19]性行：品德行为。淑：善。均：平。[20]督：向宠曾为中部督。[21]优劣得所：好的差的各得其所。[22]桓、灵：东汉末年的桓帝和灵帝，他们都因信用外戚宦官，加深了政治的腐败。[23]尚书、长史、参军：都是官名。尚书指陈震，长史指张裔，参军指蒋琬。[24]贞良死节：坚贞可靠，能以死报国。[25]布衣：平民。[26]南阳：汉郡名，在今湖北省襄阳县一带。[27]驱驰：奔走效劳。[28]后值倾覆：后来遇到兵败，指汉献帝建安十三年[208]刘备为曹操所败之事。[29]临崩寄臣以大事：刘备在临死的时候，把国家大事托付给诸葛亮，并且对刘禅说：“汝与丞相从事，事之如父。”即所谓“白帝城托孤”[30]夙夜忧叹：早晚忧愁叹息。[31]泸：水名，金沙江的支流。[32]不毛：不生草木（的地方），意思是荒瘠的地方。毛：指草木。[33]今南方已定：据《三国志·诸葛亮传》，“建兴元年，南中诸郡，并皆叛乱。亮以新遭大丧（按：指刘备之死），故未便加兵。三年春，亮率众南征，其秋悉平。”[34]驽钝：比喻才能平庸。驽：劣马。钝：刀刃不锋利。[35]斟酌损益：权衡得失，考虑取舍。损：减少。益：增加。[36]慢：怠慢，疏忽。[37]彰其咎：显示他们的过失。[38]谘诹善道：询问（治国）的好道理。诹：询问。[39]雅言：正言。[40]先帝遗诏：刘备给后主的遗诏。见《三国志·蜀志·先主传》裴注引《诸葛亮集》。

出师表

诸葛亮

先帝虑汉、贼不两立，王业不偏安，故托臣以讨贼也。以先帝之明，量臣之才，故知臣伐贼，才弱敌强也。然不伐贼，王业亦亡。惟坐而待亡，孰与伐之？是故托臣而弗疑也。臣受命之日，寝不安席，食不甘味；思惟北征，宜先入南：故五月渡泸，深入不毛，并日而食。——臣非不自惜也：顾王业不可偏安于蜀都，故冒危难以奉先帝之遗意。而议者谓为非计。今贼适疲于西，又务于东，兵法“乘劳”：此进趋之时也。谨陈其事如左：

高帝明并日月，谋臣渊深，然涉险被创，危然后安；今陛下未及高帝，谋臣不如良、平，而欲以长策取胜，坐定天下：此臣之未解一也。刘繇、王朗，各据州郡，论安言计，动引圣人，群疑满腹，众难塞胸；今岁不战，明年不征，使孙策坐大，遂并江东：此臣之未解二也。曹操智计，殊绝于人，其用兵也，仿怫孙、吴，然困于南阳，险于乌巢，危于祁连，逼于黎阳，几败北山，殆死潼关，然后伪定一时耳；况臣才弱，而欲以不危而定之：此臣之未解三也。曹操五攻昌霸不下，四越巢湖不成，任用李服而李服图之，委任夏侯而夏侯败亡，先帝每称操为能，犹有此失；况臣弩下，何能必胜：此臣之未解四也。自臣到汉中，中间期年耳，然丧赵云、阳群、马玉、阎芝、丁立、白寿、刘合、邓铜等，及驱长屯将七十余人，突将无前，丛叟、青羌，散骑武骑一千余人，此皆数十年之内，所纠合四方之精锐，非一州之所有；若复数年，则损三分之二也。——当何以图敌：此臣之未解五也。今民穷兵疲，而事不可息；事不可息，则住与行，劳费正等；而不及今图之，欲以一州之地，与贼持久：此臣之未解六也。

夫难平者，事也。昔先帝败军于楚，当此时，曹操拊手，谓天下已定。——然后先帝东连吴、越，西取巴、蜀，举兵北征，夏侯授首：此操之失计，而汉事将成也。——然后吴更违盟，关羽毁败，秭归蹉跌，曹丕称帝：凡事如是，难可逆见。臣鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已；至于成败利钝，非臣之明所能逆睹也。

《出师表》
诸葛亮
先帝创业未半而且中崩殂，今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。然侍卫之臣不懈于内，忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气，不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路。
宫中府中，俱为一体，陟罚臧否，不宜异同。若有作奸犯科及为忠善者，宜付有司论其刑赏，以昭陛下平明之理，不宜偏私，使内外异法也。
侍中侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等，此皆良实，志虑忠纯，是以先帝简拔以遗陛下。愚以为宫中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，然后施行，必能裨补阙漏，有所广益。
将军向宠，性行淑均，晓畅军事，试用于昔日，先帝称之曰能，是以众议举宠为督。愚以为营中之事，悉以咨之，必能使行阵和睦，优劣得所。
亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。侍中、尚书、长史、参军，此悉贞良死节之臣，愿陛下亲之信之，则汉室之隆，可计日而待也。
臣本布衣，躬耕于南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉曲，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间，尔来二十又一年矣。
先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。受命以来，夙夜忧叹，恐托付不效，以伤先帝之明，故五月渡泸，深入不毛。今南方已定，兵甲已足，当奖率三军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝，攘除奸凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都，此臣所以报先帝，而忠陛下之职分也。至于斟酌损益，进尽忠言，则攸之、祎允之任也。
愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效，不效则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵。若无兴德之言，则责攸之、祎、允之慢，以彰其咎；陛下亦宜自谋，以咨询诹善道，察纳雅言，深追先帝遗诏。臣不胜受恩感激。
今当远离，临表涕，不知所言。

出师表

先帝创业未半而中道崩殂；今天下三分，益州疲弊，此诚危急存亡之秋也。然侍卫之臣不懈于内；忠志之士忘身于外者，盖追先帝之殊遇，欲报之于陛下也。诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，恢弘志士之气；不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。

宫中府中，俱为一体；陟罚臧否，不宜异同：若有作奸犯科及为忠善者，宜付有司论其刑赏，以昭陛下平明之理；不宜偏私，使内外异法也。侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费依、董允等，此皆良实，志虑忠纯，是以先帝简拔以遗陛下。愚以为宫中之事，事无大小，悉以咨之，然后施行，必得裨补阙漏，有所广益。将军向宠，性行淑均，晓畅军事，试用于昔日，先帝称之曰“能”，是以众议举宠为督。愚以为营中之事，悉以咨之，必能使行阵和睦，优劣得所。亲贤臣，远小人，此先汉所以兴隆也；亲小人，远贤臣，此后汉所以倾颓也。先帝在时，每与臣论此事，未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。侍中、尚书、长史、参军，此悉贞亮死节之臣也，愿陛下亲之、信之，则汉室之隆，可计日而待也。

臣本布衣，躬耕南阳，苟全性命于乱世，不求闻达于诸侯。先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顾臣于草庐之中，咨臣以当世之事，由是感激，遂许先帝以驱驰。后值倾覆，受任于败军之际，奉命于危难之间，尔来二十有一年矣。先帝知臣谨慎，故临崩寄臣以大事也。受命以来，夙夜忧叹，恐付托不效，以伤先帝之明；故五月渡泸，深入不毛。今南方已定，甲兵已足，当奖帅三军，北定中原，庶竭驽钝，攘除奸凶，兴复汉室，还于旧都。此臣所以报先帝而忠陛下之职分也。至于斟酌损益，进尽忠言，则攸之、依、允等之任也。

愿陛下托臣以讨贼兴复之效，不效则治臣之罪，以告先帝之灵。若无兴德之言，则责攸之、依、允等之慢，以彰其咎。陛下亦宜自谋，以谘诹善道，察纳雅言，深追先帝遗诏。臣不胜受恩感激！
今当远离，临表涕零，不知所言。

出师表----英文版

The First Ruler had accomplished but half his great task at his death. At this moment the empire is in three parts, and our country is weak; it is a most critical moment for us. Still, ministers are not remiss in the capital, and loyal and devoted soldiers sacrifice their lives abroad, for they still remember the special kindness of the First Ruler and wish to show their gratitude to him by service to Your Majesty. Therefore it would be indeed fitting that you should extend your holy virtue to glorify his virtuous memory in the stimulation of the will of your purposeful officers. Your Majesty should not lose yourself in the pursuit of mean things, quoting phrases to confound the eternal principles of rectitude, and so preventing remonstrance from honest people. One rule applies to the palace of the Emperor and the residence of a courtier; there must be one law rewarding the good and punishing the evil. Evil-doers and law-breakers, as also true and good people, should be dealt with according to their deserts by the officers concerned in order to manifest Your Majesty's impartial and enlightened administration. Partiality is wrong, as is one law for the court and another for the regions.

The High Ministers Fei Yi, Guo Youzhi, and Dong Yun are honest men, devotedly anxious to be loyal to the last degree; wherefore His Late Majesty chose them in his testament. My advice is to consult them in all Palace matters, great or small, before taking action. Your Majesty will reap the enormous advantage of having any failings corrected.

General Xiang Chong is a man of well-balanced temperament, versed in military matters, to whom, after testing him, the late Emperor applied the epithet 'capable'. The consensus of opinion is that Xiang Chong should be Grand Commander. My advice is to consult him in all military matters, great or small, whereby your military forces will yield their maximum, each one being employed to the best advantage.

Attract worthy people; repel mean ones. This policy achieved the glory of the Former Hans, while its reversal ruined the Latter Hans. When the late Emperor was with us, he often discussed this with your servant, and he took much to heart the story of Emperors Huan and Ling.

The Chair of the Secretariat Chen Zhen, Commander Zhang Si, and Minister Jiang Wan are both incorruptible and enlightened people, honest to the death. I wish that Your Majesty should have them near and hold them in confidence. If this be done, then the glory of the House of Han will be quickly consummated.

I was originally a private person, a farmer in Nanyang, concerned only to secure personal safety in a troubled age and not seeking conversation with the contending nobles. His Late Majesty, the First Ruler, overlooking the commonness of my origin, condescended to seek me thrice in my humble cot and consult me on the trend of events. His magnanimity affected me deeply, and I consented to do my utmost for him. Then came defeat, and I took office at a moment of darkest outlook and at a most difficult crisis. This is twenty-one years ago. The First Ruler recognized my diligent care, and when dying he confided the great task to me. From that day I have lived a life of anxiety lest I should fail in my trust and so dim his glory.

That is why I undertook the expedition to the lands beyond the River Lu. Now the Southern Mangs has been quelled, and our army is in good condition. I ought to lead it against the north, where I may meet with a measure of success in the removal of the wicked ones, the restoration of Han, and a return to the old capital. This is my duty out of gratitude to the late Emperor and loyalty to Your Majesty. As to a discussion of the pros and cons and giving a true version of the whole matter, that belongs to Guo Youzhi and Fei Yi and Dong Yun. I desire Your Majesty to confide to me the task of slaying the rebels and restoring the Hans. If I fail, then punish me by telling the spirit of the late Emperor. If you know not what restoration implies, that is the fault of your advisers.

Your Majesty should take pains to be guided into the right path and examine carefully what is laid before you, carefully remembering the late Emperor's testament.

I cannot express what would be my delight if you had the goodness to accept and act on my advice.

Now I am about to depart on a distant expedition, I write this with tears and clearly know what I have said.

嗯，楼顶的是后出师表，其余的是出师表。