资优教育电话:独立主格结构怎么用？

独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。常见的独立主格结构有如下几种：

1. 名词/主格代词+现在分词。名词/主格代词与现在分词之间主谓关系。如：

The girl staring at him (= As the girl stared at him), he didn”t know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。

Time permitting (= If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow. 如果时间允许的话，我们明天去郊游。

2. 名词/主格代词+过去分词。名词/主格代词与过去分词之间的动宾关系。如：

The problems solved (= As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved. 随着问题的解决，质量已经提高了。

Her glasses broken (= Because her glasses were broken), she couldn”t see the words on the blackboard. 由于眼镜摔坏了，她看不见黑板上的字。

3. 名词/主格代词+不定式。名词/主格代词与不定式之间是主谓关系，且强调的是一次具体性的动作。如：

He is going to make a model plane, some old parts to help. 借助于一些旧零件，他要做一个飞机模型。

They said good-bye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to the bookstore. 他们道别后，一个回了家，一个去了书店。

4. 名词/主格代词+形容词。如：

An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。

So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off. 这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。

5. 名词/主格代词+副词。如：

He put on his sweater wrong side out. 他把毛衣穿反了。

The meeting over, they all went home. 会议一结束，他们就都回家了。

6. 名词/主格代词+介词短语。如：

The boy goes to the classroom, book in hand. 那男孩手里拿着书去教室。

Mary was sitting near the fire, her back towards the door. 玛丽靠近火炉坐着，背对着门。

首先，你应该明白它不是一个完整的句子，是由逻辑主语，再加非谓语或名词、形容词、副词构成的一个句子成分，一般做状语