寿阳县地图:“洛阳纸贵”出自何处

“洛阳纸贵”这个成语现在很多人都知道，但是它由来於哪呢？原来，在西晋太康年间出了位很有名的文学家叫左思，他曾做一部《三都赋》在京城洛阳广为流传，人们啧啧称赞，竞相传抄，一下子使纸昂贵了几倍。原来每刀千文的纸一下子涨到两千文、三千文，后来竟倾销一空；不少人只好到外地买纸，抄写这篇千古名赋。

　　然而，左思写成《三都赋》却是历经很多曲折才得到重视的；没有伯乐识才，也许这篇《三都赋》便成为一堆废纸，不得流传。

　　在左思小时候，他父亲就一直看不起他。父亲左雍从一个小官吏慢慢做到御史，他见儿子身材矮小，貌不惊人，说话结巴，倒显出一副痴痴呆呆的样子，常常对外人说后悔生了这个儿子。及至左思成年，左雍还对朋友们说：“左思虽然成年了，可是他掌握的知识和道理，还不如我小时呢。”

　　左思不甘心受到这种鄙视，开始发愤学习。当他读过东汉班固写的《两都赋》和张衡写的《两京赋》，虽然很佩服文中的宏大气魄，华丽的文辞，写出了东京洛阳和西京长安的京城气派，可是也看出了其中虚而不实、大而无当的弊病。从此，他决心依据事实和历史的发展，写一篇《三都赋》，把三国时魏都邺城、蜀都成都、吴都南京写入赋中。

　　为写《三都赋》，使得笔笔有著落有根据，左思开始收集大量的历史、地理、物产、风俗人情的资料。收集好后，他闭门谢客，开始苦写。他在一个书纸铺天盖地的屋子裏昼夜冥思苦想，常常是好久才推敲出一个满意的句子。经过十年，这篇凝结著左思甘苦心血的《三都赋》终於写成了！

　　可是，当左思把自己的文章交给别人看时，他却受到了讥讽。当时一位著名文学家陆机也曾起过写《三都赋》的念头，他听说名不见经传的左思写《三都赋》，就挖苦道：“不知天高地厚的小子，竟想超过班固、张衡，太自不量力了!”他还给弟弟陆云写信说：“京城裏有位狂妄的家伙写《三都赋》，我看他写成的东西只配给我用来盖酒坛子！”

　　左思的《三都赋》在文学界品评时，那些文人们一见作者是位无名小卒，就根本不予细看，摇头摆手，把一篇《三都赋》说得一无是处。左思不甘心自己的心血遭到埋没，找到了著名文学家张华。

　　张华先是逐句阅读了《三都赋》，然后细问了左思的创作动机和经过，当他再回头来体察句子中的含义和韵味时，不由得为文中的句子深深感动了。他越读越爱，到后来竟不忍释手了。他称赞道：“文章非常好！那些世俗文人只重名气不重文章，他们的话是不值一提的。皇甫谧先生很有名气，而且为人正直，让我和他一起把你的文章推荐给世人！”

　　皇甫谧看过《三都赋》以后也是感慨万千，他对文章予以高度评价，并且欣然提笔为这篇文章写了序言。他还请来著作郎张载为《三都赋》中人魏都赋做注，请朱中书郎刘逵为蜀都赋和吴都赋做注。刘逵在说明中说道：“世人常常重视古代人东西，而轻视新事物、新成就，这就是《三都赋》开始不传於世人原因啊！”

　　在名人作序推荐下，《三都赋》很快风靡了京都，懂得文学人人无一不对它称赞不已。甚至以前讥笑左思人陆机听说后，也细细阅读一番，他点头称是，连声说；“写得太好了，真想不到。”他断定若自己再写《三都赋》决不会超过左思，便停笔不写了。

　　我们可以看到，同是一篇文章，有人将它贬得一钱不值，有人使之名噪一时。这其中当然有鉴别力高低人区别，可是更重要人是反映了人们是否重视新生力量，能不能慧眼识英才的问题。

解释： 比喻著作有价值，流传广。
出处： 《晋书·左思传》：“于是豪贵之家竞相传写，洛阳为之纸贵。”
示例： 人说“～”，谁知今日闹到“长安扇贵”。此时画的手也酸了，眼也花了。（清·李汝珍《镜花缘》第七十七回）
近义词： 有口皆碑、交口称誉、有目共赏
反义词：
用法： 主谓式；作宾语、定语、补语；含褒义
英文： overwhelming popularity of a new book (causing shortage of printing paper)
故事： 西晋文学家左思勤奋好学，他的文章以辞藻华丽而出名。他写《齐都赋》时就小有名气，作为“著作郎”，花费十年时间写成《三都赋》。当时著名学者皇甫谧及张载、卫王灌、张华等为之批注作序，一时洛阳抄写该书成为时尚造成纸价上涨
常用度： 高

解释： 比喻著作有价值，流传广。
出处： 《晋书·左思传》：“于是豪贵之家竞相传写，洛阳为之纸贵。”
示例： 人说“～”，谁知今日闹到“长安扇贵”。此时画的手也酸了，眼也花了。（清·李汝珍《镜花缘》第七十七回）
近义词： 有口皆碑、交口称誉、有目共赏
反义词：
用法： 主谓式；作宾语、定语、补语；含褒义
英文： overwhelming popularity of a new book (causing shortage of printing paper)
故事： 西晋文学家左思勤奋好学，他的文章以辞藻华丽而出名。他写《齐都赋》时就小有名气，作为“著作郎”，花费十年时间写成《三都赋》。当时著名学者皇甫谧及张载、卫王灌、张华等为之批注作序，一时洛阳抄写该书成为时尚造成纸价上涨

晋代文学家左思，小时候是个非常顽皮、不爱读书的孩子。父亲经常为这事发脾气，可是小左思仍然

淘气得很，不肯好好学习。 有一天，左思的父亲与朋友们聊天，朋友们羡慕他有个聪明可爱的儿子。左

思的父亲叹口气说：“快别提他了，小儿左思的学习，还不如我小时候，看来没有多大的出息了。”说

着，脸上流露出失望的神色。这一切都被小左思看到听到了，他非常难过，觉得自己不好好念书确实很

没出息。于是，暗暗下定决心，一定要刻苦学习。

日复一日，年复一年，左思长大了，由于他坚持不懈发奋读书，终于成为一位学识渊博的人，文章写

得非常好。他用一年的时间写成了《齐都赋》，显示出他在文学方面的才华，为他成为杰出的文学家奠定

了基础。这以后他又计划以三国时魏、蜀、吴首都的风土、人情、物产为内容，撰写《三都赋》。为了在

内容、结构、语言诸方面都达到一定水平，他潜心研究，精心撰写，废寝忘食，用了整整十年，文学巨

著《三都赋》终于写成了。 《三都赋》受到大家的好评，人们把它和汉代文学杰作《两都赋》相比。由于

当时还没有发明印刷术，喜爱《三都赋》的人只能争相抄阅，因为抄写的人太多，京城洛阳的纸张供不应

求，一时间全城纸价大幅度上升。

故事出自《晋书·文苑·左思传》。成语“洛阳纸贵”，称颂杰出的作品风行一进。

Overwhelming Popularity of a New Work Causes Shortage of Printing Paper In the Jin

Dynasty(265-420) there was a famous writer whose name was Zuo Si who, however, was very

naughty and did not like to study when he was a small kid.His father often got angry,

and yet young Zuo Si was as naughty as ever and would not study hard. One day, Zuo Si's

father was chatting with his friends. his friends envied him his clever and loverly son.

Hearing this, Zuo si's father sighed, "Please do not mention him. My son Zuo si does not

study as well as I did when I was young, although I did not study well enough myself.

It appears that he is actually a good-for-nothing." So saying, he looked disappointed.

All this was witnessed by young Zuo Si. He felt very sad, feeling intensely that he would

not be able to have a bright future if he did not study hard. So he was determined to

study assiduously from then on. Day after day and year after year, Zuo Si gradually grew

up. Because of his unremitting afforts in hard study,he became an erudite scholar and wrote

very excellent essays. The "Ode to the Capital of the State of Qi", which took him one year

to write, showed his brilliant literary talent and laid the foundation for his becoming an

outstanding writer. then he planned to write an "Ode to the Capitals of the Three Kingdoms

of Wei, Shu Han and Wu" with the local conditions and customs as well as the produce of

the three capitals as its content. In order to achieve the desired effect in content,

structure and language, he applied himself to research work with great concentration, and

was so absorbed in creative writing as to forget food and sleep. It took him ten whole

years to finish the writing of "Ode to the Capitals of the Three Kingdoms of Wei, Shu Han

and Wu", a literary masterpiece. The "Ode to the Capitals of the Three Kingdoms of Wei, Shu

Han and Wu" was well received by the broad masses of readers after it made its appearance

to the public, and people considered it as superbly written as the "Ode to the Western

Capital (Changan) and to the Eastern Capital (Luoyang)" written by Ban Gu (32-92) and the

"Ode to the Western Capital and to the Eastern Capital" written by Zhang Heng of the Han

Dynasty (206 B.C. to A.D.220). As the art of printing had not been invented at that time,

people who were fond of this "Ode" had to make handwritten copies of it themselves. As

there were so many people who vied with each other in making handwritten copies, the supply

of writing paper fell short of the demand in Luoyang went up greatly. This story comes from

"The life of Zuo Si" in the book "Literary Field" of The History of the Jin Dynasty. Based

on this story, people have coined the set phrase "the price of writing paper went up

greatly", meaning the overwhelming popularity of a new work causes shortage of printing

paper, to show how popular an outstanding piece of literary work is.

如楼上所说，是出自《晋书 左思传》
传说左思慕张衡《两京赋》，穷十年心血作《三都赋》，一时大家竞相传抄，洛阳城为之纸贵。

出自《晋书·文苑·左思传》