千岛湖巨网捕鱼作文:哪位大人能帮忙人工翻译下(急)<2>谢啦

来源:百度文库 编辑:神马品牌网 时间:2024/05/04 16:28:12
这种制度的优越性在于,首先它的操作性较强,同时它为人们提供了明确的预期。你可以不必为占座操心,因为座位就在那里等你,因此你可以更灵活地安排自己的时间。其次,正如它的支持者所言,在长期内每个人都有机会获得好位子(当然也必然获得坏位子),于是实现了一种表面上的公平。
而这种制度的弊端在于其极有可能引发不效率的结果,因此从实质上背离了公平原则。首先,由于它是强制性的而非建立在个人意志自由选择的基础上的,于是就会出现两种情况,一方面,那些给予某些座位最高评价的人得不到该座位,而另一方面,某些人可能由于对这门课不感兴趣而对这些座位评价很低。于是这些座位无法在他们身上发挥最大效用,甚至还会由于他们的缺席而导致资源的无谓损失。这种趋势的出现,正如一方面穷人食不裹腹,一方面富人挥霍无度的反差。你能说这是公平的吗?其次,座位轮换制显然使前面论及的种种占座所带来的好处都无法实现。
综上,不难发现,座位轮换制弊大于利,而导致其不效率的根本原因在于其违背了竞争原则。考察“座位轮换制”,我们会发现他与计划经济思维模式何其相似,而几十年单一计划经济带来经济落后的教训告诉我们,竞争观念必须加强。
至此,我们已经看到了占座带来的种种优越性。但是这一制度在具体实施中,由于运用不当也可能造成不效率的出现。因此,我们还需进一不讨论对这种不效率的抑制。
比如说,如果8点上课,而楼门6点就打开了,由于竞争的存在,意味着占座人必须6点前赶到,这便加大了占座的机会成本,而影响人们的获利。于是,在一定情况下,当人们认为机会成本超过了其收益时,便会退出竞争,而使得占座带来的优越性得不到发挥。更严重的是,由于必定有人坚守阵地,而这个坚定者作为一个理性人,为了弥补这部分增加的机会成本必定会努力扩大收益。由于此时不存在其他竞争者,他想占多少座位都不受限制,于是便形成了其对座位的垄断,那些对座位高评价的人仍无法得到座位,从而导致不效率,不公平。那么是不是需要对占座的数量加以限制呢?答案是不需要,也不可能(因为没有人可以监督其占了多少座位)。事实上,只要将开门时间做一调整即可。当调整到上课前半小时时,由于大量竞争者的介入便有效地遏制了这一情况。
再如,有人长期以本占座,妄图一劳永逸,对付这一行为的措施是开门前将本收回,以保证每个人有平等竞争的机会。
总之,正如政府在市场中对“市场失灵”的干预,用“行政”手段调整占座制度,同样可以发挥积极功效。
全部都翻译成英语.谢啦.人工翻译有难度的话帮忙找个好点的翻译网站翻译一下

hoho:)是一篇论文吧,好长,我按你原文的7个自然段,一段一段翻译,前面有数字段落号,这样你好看些哦:)

1.This kind of system superiority lies in, first it operational is stronger, simultaneously it has provided explicit anticipating for the people. You may not need for to occupy the place to worry about, because the seat waits for you in there, therefore you may nimbly arrange own time. Next, just like its supporter says, in the long-term in each people all has the opportunity to obtain the good seat (certainly also inevitably to obtain bad seat), thereupon has realized on one kind of superficial fair.

2. but this kind of system malpractice lies in it extremely to have the possibility not to initiate the efficiency result, therefore has departed from the fair principle from the
essence. First, because it is compulsory but the non- establishment in individual freedom of will choice foundation, thereupon can have two kind of situations, on the one hand, these give certain seat highest appraisals the person cannot obtain this seat, but on the other hand, certain people possibly because are not interested to this class but to be very low to these seat appraisals. Thereupon these seats are unable on their body to display the biggest effectiveness, even also can cause the resources as a result of theirs absence the senseless loss. This kind of tendency appearance, just like on the one hand the poor person eats does not bind the abdomen, on the one hand the rich person squanders money contrast. You can say this is fair? Front next, the seat change obviously causes all sorts which concerns to occupy the advantage which the place brings all to be unable to realize.

3.In syntheses, is not difficult to discover that, the seat shortcoming is bigger than the advantage, but caused it efficiency the basic reason not to lie in it to violate the competition principle. The inspection "the seat, we can discover he how is similar with the planned economy thought pattern, but several dozens year sole planned economy brings the economical backwardness the lesson to tell us, the competition idea must strengthen.

4. to this, our already saw has occupied all sorts of superiority which seats comes. But this system in concrete implementation, because does not utilize when also possibly does not create the efficiency appearance. Therefore, we also need one do not discuss to this kind of not efficiency suppression.

5 .for instance, if 8 attends class, but front door 6 have opened, because competes the existence, meant occupies the place person to have in front of 6 o'clock to rush, this then enlarged has occupied the place the opportunity cost, but affected people's making a profit. Thereupon, in certain situation, when the people thought when the opportunity cost has surpassed its income, then can withdraw from the competition, but enables the superiority which occupies seats comes not to be able to obtain the display. More serious is, because surely some person hold a positions, but this firmness takes a rational person, in order to make up the opportunity cost which this part increases surely to be able diligently to expand the income. Because this time did not have other competitors, he wants to occupy how many seats all not to receive limits, thereupon then has formed it to the seat the monopoly, these still were unable to the seat high appraisal person to obtain the seat, thus did not cause the efficiency, was unfair. Then is needs to occupy the place the quantity to perform to limit? The answer does not need, also is impossible (because nobody was allowed to supervise it to occupy how many seats). In fact, so long as will open the gate time to make an adjustment then. When adjusts attends class previous half hour, because the massive competitors' involvement then effectively has contained this situation.

6. like, some people for a long time to this occupy the place again, attempts to get it over and done, copes with this behavior the measure is opens in front of the gate this to take back, guaranteed each person has the equal competition the opportunity.

7 .in brief, just like the government in the market "malfunctions to the market" the intervention, the method adjustment occupies the place system with "the administration", similarly may display the positive effect.

This kind of system superiority lies in, first it operational is
strong, at the same time it has provided explicit anticipating for the
people. You may not need for to occupy the place to worry, because the
seat waits for you in there, therefore you may nimbly arrange own
time. Next, just like its supporter says, in the long-term in each
people all has the opportunity to obtain the good seat (certainly also
inevitably to obtain bad seat), thereupon has realized on one kind of
superficial fair.
But this kind of system malpractice lies in it to have the possibility
not to initiate the efficiency result extremely, therefore has
departed from the fair principle from the materially. First, because
it is compulsory but the non- establishment in individual freedom of
will choice foundation, thereupon can have two kind of situations, on
the one hand, these give certain seat highest appraisals the human
cannot obtain this seat, but on the other hand, certain people
possibly because are not interested to this class but to be very low
to these seat appraisals. Thereupon these seats are unable on their
body to display the biggest effectiveness, even also can but cause the
resources as a result of theirs absence the senseless loss. This kind
of tendency appearance, just like on the one hand the poor person eats
does not bind the abdomen, on the one hand the rich person squanders
money contrast. You can say this is fair? Front next, the seat
rotation system causes all sorts which concerns to occupy the
advantage obviously which the place brings all to be unable to
realize.
In the synthesis, is not difficult to discover that, the seat rotation
system shortcoming is bigger than the advantage, but caused it
efficiency the basic reason not to lie in it to violate the
competition principle. The inspection "the seat rotation system", we
can discover he how is similar with the planned economy thought
pattern, but several dozens year sole planned economy brings the
economical backwardness the lesson to tell us, the competition idea
must strengthen.
Heres, we already saw has occupied all sorts of superiority which the
riggers band comes. But this system in concrete implementation,
because does not utilize when also possibly does not create the
efficiency appearance. Therefore, we also need one do not discuss to
this kind of not efficiency suppression.
For instance, if 8 attends class, but front door 6 have opened,
because competes the existence, meant occupies the place person to
have in front of 6 o'clock to rush, this then enlarged has occupied
the place the opportunity cost, but affected people's making a profit.
Thereupon, in certain situation, when the people thought when the
opportunity cost has surpassed its income, then can withdraw from the
competition, but causes to occupy the superiority which the riggers
band comes not to be able to obtain the display. More serious is,
because surely some person hold a positions, but this firmness takes a
rational person, in order to make up the opportunity cost which this
part increases to be able to expand the income diligently surely.
Because this time did not have other competitors, he wants to occupy
how many seats all not to receive limits, thereupon then has formed it
to the seat the monopoly, these still were unable to the seat high
appraisal person to obtain the seat, thus did not cause the
efficiency, was unfair. Then is needs to occupy the place the quantity
to perform to limit? The answer does not need, also is impossible
(because nobody might supervise it to occupy how many seats). In fact,
so long as will open the door the time to make an adjustment then.
When adjusts to attends class previous half hour, because the massive
competitors' involvement then effectively has contained this
situation.
Moreover, some people for a long time by this occupy the place front,
attempts to get it over and done, copes with this behavior the measure
is opens the door this takes back, by guaranteed each person has the
equal competition the opportunity.
In brief, just like the government in the market "malfunctions to the
market" the intervention, the method adjustment occupies the place
system with "the administration", similarly may display the positive
effect.

The superiority of this kind of system lie in, its operability is stronger first, it provided an explicit expectation for people in the meantime.You need not in order to share to worry, the seat right there waits you, so you can arrange own time more vividly.Secondly, positive such as its supporter's words, has an opportunity to acquire good seat(certainly also acquire bad seat by all means) at everybody inside the long-term, hence carried out a kind of superficial equity.
But the irregularity of this kind of system lies in the result that its pole causes probably not an efficiency, so deviated from a fair principle from the substance.First, because it is constrained rather than build up in personal will to choose freely of foundation of, hence will appear two kinds of circumstances, on the other hand, those give some seats most high opinion of the persons can not get that seat, but on the other hand, some person's possibilities are very low to these seat evaluations because of being uninterested to this lesson.Hence these seats can't develop the biggest effect on their body, even will also cause the meaningless loss of the resources because of their absence.The emergence of this kind of trend, positive such as on the other hand poor people the food doesn't bind stomach, on the other hand the rich man spend lavishly of anti- bad.Can you say this to be fair?Secondly, the seat rotates to make to make the front mention obviously of various shares the advantages that bring and can't carry out.
On the Zong, not difficult detection, the seat rotates to make a fraud big in benefit, but cause it not the basic reason of[with] efficiency lay in it to disobey the competition principle.Investigate"the seat rotate to make", we will discover him and the planned economy thinking mode HE2 QI2 likeness, but several 10-year single planned economies brings economy to fall behind of the precept tell us, compete the idea has to be strengthen.
Go to this, we have already come in sight of to share various superiority for bring.But this system is not appropriate and may also result in because of the usage in concretely the implement the efficiency appear.Therefore, we still need into a discuss to this kind of not the efficiency repress.
Say for example, if have a class 8:00, but the building door openned 6:00, meaning sharing a person has to be arrived to ago 6:00 because of the existence for compete, this then enlargement shared the opportunity cost of, but influenced people's accrual.The more serious BE, because of necessarily someone guard securely battlefield, but this firmness Be a reasonableness person, for making up this part of augmentative opportunity cost and willing work hard to extend income necessarily.Because at this time nonexistent and other competitors, how much seats he want to have to all be free from restriction, hence became its 垄 to seat to break then, those still can't get seat to the person of the seat high opinion, causing thus not efficiency, unfair.So whether need to limit the quantity that shares?The answer need, also impossible.(because no one can inspect it to have how much seat)In fact, as long as will open a time to do an adjust then.When adjust to have a class ex- half an hour, got involved to suppress this circumstance then and availably because of a great deal of competitor.
Again such as, someone the long-term shares with the origin, wildly the diagram do once and for all, the measure that deals with this behavior is to open a will take back originally before the door to promise the opportunity that everybody has an equal competition.
In fine, positive such as the government is in the market to the intervention of"the market is out of order", share a system with"administration" means adjustment, same can exertive and aggressive effect.