陕建发 2017 270号:帮忙向我介绍一下柏林,最好用英语,谢了

what the hell is 柏林?! in english please, i cant write it if i dun understand it...

omg... capital of Germany...

Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany. It is residence to 3.4 million Germans. Built entirely on sand, it is located on the rivers Spree and Havel in the north of Germany.

Berlin used to be part of Brandenburg province of Prussia but was incorporated into Greater Berlin in 1920. Follwing the WW2, Berlin is divided into the capitalist west and the communist east. The famed Berlin wall was built then, but was torn down in 1989, when Germany was reunified.

Little remains of the Berlin Wall, but part of it can be found near the East Side Gallery in Friedrichshain. There are many famed landmarks in Berlin, often marked by the lamp posts that were installed in the early 1800s. The famed zoo, Zoologischer Garten Berlin, and the Berlin Victory Column are places well worth visiting.

*Berlin Introduction

After a fifty-year lull, Berlin is back – back as the capital of a reunified Germany and back as one of Europe’s greatest cities. After World War II, Berlin was a crippled pawn, sandwiched between East and West, with a literal and metaphoric wall deeply dividing the two halves. The northeastern German city even suffered the ignominy of losing its capital status, as the West German government fled to Bonn. Today, the Cold War and the iconic events of November 1989, which saw the Berlin Wall torn to pieces by those whom it had oppressed for so long, are starting to seem like a distant memory and all the talk in Berlin is of the future.

Coupled with this wave of new construction is a city laden with historical charm – from the old streets of East Berlin, which are slowly being restored after remaining unchanged for 50 years, through to the grand architecture of Museumsinsel and Unter den Linden, and the green lung of the Tiergarten Park. Tourism is on the rise, as visitors come to savour the intoxicating mix of old and new. Big business, too, is booming, as government bodies flock back from Bonn and relocate in the capital, along with investment from many other parts of the country and from all over Europe. Key industries such as electronics, manufacturing and information technology reflect the hopes for a brighter future for Berlin.

Contrary to the usual clichés about Germany, Berlin is a city with a laid-back attitude and some of the liveliest nightlife in Europe. In Berlin today, there is everything from authentic beer halls and old Soviet era haunts right through to buzzing style bars and Latino nightclubs. Berlin’s climate is equally eclectic, with hot summer days giving way to occasionally freezing temperatures during the long grey winter.

Today’s quintessential Berlin experience is to laze through a summer day in the Tiergarten with the rabble of construction just out of earshot, sipping on a chilled Pilsner beer, while witnessing a city reinventing itself as one of Europe’s finest capitals.

*Berlin Attractions

The city has no definite centre and pockets of attractions are dotted all over. The densest array of sights lies to the east of the Brandenburg Gate, on either side of Unter den Linden. West Berlin's centre has less to offer. Nevertheless visitors should take a look at the broken shard of a church, the Kaiser Wilhelm Gedächtniskirche, which serves as a brutal reminder of World War II. The nearby Zoo and Aquarium also provide a happy distraction.

*Chronicle: the city in historical dates

1237 The trade settlement Cölln is recorded in a charter for the first time. The first document about the settlement of Berlin, built around Nikolai Church, dates from 1244.

1307 Berlin and Cölln set up a common council.

1415 A Nürnberg viscount is granted the border region of Brandenburg in fief. The Elector Friedrich I lays the foundation of the 500-year-old Hohenzollern dynasty.

1486 Berlin becomes the residence of the Elector of Brandenburg.

1618-48 The Thirty Years War has a devastating effect on the population. Berlin reduced to just 6,000 inhabitants.

1701 The Elector Friedrich III of Brandenburg crowns himself King of Prussia, and turns Berlin into his court capital.

1732 The old ramparts are taken down and replaced by toll bars.

1740-86 Frederic the Great turns Berlin into one Europe’s major capitals and a centre of the Enlightenment.

1810 Foundation of the university. Revival of the sciences, literaure, music and theatre.

1848 Failure of the March Revolution. Berlin develops into an industrial city.

1871 King William I is crowned Emperor at Versailles. Berlin is now the capital of the new German Empire. Berlin grows into a city with more than a million inhabitants. These years are called the ‘Gründerjahre’, years of economic revival. Social housing for the working classes. Cultural life is boosted.

1918 The Emperor is deposed after the November Revolution.

1920 A large number of suburbs and towns is incorporated. Greater Berlin has 4 million inhabitants. In spite of the worldwide economic crisis of 1929 (there are 600,000 unemployed Berliners) and political unrest Berlin enjoys the Golden Twenties, a decade of artistic creativity.

1933 The national-socialists assume power. The 1936 Summer Olympics are one mighty propaganda spectacle for the nazis.

1938 Crystal Night (Kristallnacht, 9-10 November). More than 80 synagogues and countless Jewish shops are destroyed.

1945 Capitulation (8 May). Berlin is divided into four sectors by the Allies, who govern the city.

1948 The Soviets blockade Berlin. A political partition is installed. An airlift keeps West-Berliners alive for more than a year.

1953 Popular rising in East-Berlin (17 June).

1961 Construction of the Wall on 13 August.

1971 A treaty signed by the four occupying powers guarantess the right of way between the Federal Republic and West-Berlin, and facilitates visits to East-Berlin by West-Berliners.

1989 Fall of the Berlin Wall on 9 November.

1990 The two Germanies are officially reunited on 3 October.

1991 Once more Berlin becomes the capital of Germany as well as its political centre.

1994 The Allied troops leave Berlin. An historic era has thus ended.

1995 The artist Christo wraps up the Reichschancellery in cloth. Millions of spectators flock to the city on the River Spree.

1997 First stonelaying of the Federal Chancellor’s official residence.

1998 Potsdamer Platz is officially opened as ‘the new centre of Berlin’.

1999 Johannes Rau is elected Chancellor. The Federal Government moves to Berlin.

2001 The Jüdisches Museum Berlin opens its doors with a permanent exposition, after the empty building had been open to visitors for 18 months.

*Visit the following web site for everything about Berlin:

http://www.berlin.de/english/index.html

Enjoy!