延吉到滦县的火车:我要一些英语缩写

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我要常用的缩写

AD,A.DAnno Domini(=in the year of the)

Lord;since Christ wasborn 公元

A.M.,a.m.ante meridiem(before noon)上午,午前

Apr. April 四月

Aug.August八月

Ave.avenue林荫道,大街

BABachelor of Arts文科学士

BC,B.C.before Christ公元前

BS,BScBachelor of Science理科学士

C°,Centigrade摄氏度

cccubic centimeter立方厘米

CDcompact disk光盘,激光唱片

cf.confer(=compare)试比较;参看

cmcentimeter厘米

Co.company公司

c/ocare of由…转交

cp.compare比较

Dec.December十二月

dept.,Dept.department部,司,局,系

Dr.doctor博士;医生

e.g.exempli gratia(=for example)例如

esp.especially尤其是

et al.et alia(=and others)其他的

etc.et cetera(=and the rest)等等

FFahrenheit华氏的

Feb.February二月

ftfoot,feet英尺

g,gm.gram克

GMTGreenwich Mean Time格林威治时间

hr.hour小时

IDidentification card身份证

i.e.id est(=that is)那就是,即

in.inch英寸

Inc.incorporated股份有限的

Jan.January一月

Jr.junior小(用于姓名后)

Jul.July七月

Jun.June六月

kg.kilogram千克,公斤

km.kilometer千米,公里

l. liter升

lb.libra(=pound)磅

Ltd.limited有限的,股份有限

m.meter米

MAMaster of Arts文科硕士

Mar.March三月

min.minute分钟

ml.millimeter毫升

Mon.Monday星期一

Mr.Mister…先生

MrsMistress…夫人,…太太

Ms.Mrs or Miss…女士

MS,MScMaster of Science理科硕士

Mtmount,mountain峰,山

No.number号码

Nov.November十一月

Oct.October十月

Ppage;parking页,停车处

par,paraparagraph(文章的)段

Ph.D,PhDphilosophiae Doctor博士

pl.plural复数

PM,P.M.post meridiem(=afternoon)下午

PRCPeople’s Republic of China中华人民共和国

Prof.professor教授

PSpostscript附言

Rd.,rdroad路

Sat.Saturday星期六

sec.second秒

Sep., Sept.September九月

sing.singular单数

sqaquare平方;广场

st.street街道

sthsomething某物,某事

Sun.Sunday星期日

t.ton吨

tel.telephone电话

ThursThursday星期四

TuesTuesday星期二

UKUnited Kingdom(大不列颠及北爱尔兰)联合王国,英国

UNUnited Nations联合国

US,U.S.United States(= America)美利坚合众国,美国

usu.usually通常

v,vsversus…对…

VIPvery important person重要人物,大人物

vol.Volume卷,册

W,wwatt瓦特

WC water closet厕所

Wed,WedsWednesday星期三

FM(from)
PLS(please)
WHO(World Health Organization)
GPA (Grade Point Average)
PR (Public Relation)
AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Sydrome)
ASAP(As Soon As Possible)
U(YOU)
CEO(Chief Executive Officer)
DIY(Do-It-Yourself)
DNA(Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
ESL(English as a Second Language)
FBI(Federal Bureau of Investigation)
HQ(Headquarters)
IQ(Intelligence Quotient)
CN(China)
JP(japan)
KR(Korea)
ETC.
PC(Personal Computer)
Ph. D(Doctor of Philosophy)
PM(Post Meridiem - Latin for after noon)

常见的英文缩写(上)

平时在报章、杂志、公文或便条(memo)上,常常看到一些英文缩写(abbreviation),其中包括某些也许因为老外「怕麻烦」而造出「缩短型」(shortened form)的「简体字」。然而,这些字,在正式文件上,还是少用为妙,最好把它拼写出来,以免产生误解。例如,SOS一般本是 save our ship 或 save our souls 的急救讯号,但如果单独使用或无上下文对照,也许就会被人说是 senior officers\' school 或 service of supply 或 secretary of state,甚至有人说是 some one special。以下所举的英文缩写,都是常用的一群。

1. 国际性或全美性:

UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)联合国教育科学文化组织(也叫国际文教组织)
例如: (The)UNESCO has made some contributions to the world.(UNESCO 对世界做出一些贡献)

NATO(North Atlantic Treaty Organization)北大西洋公约组织。
例如:Could(the)NATO members stick to their commitments?(NATO 的成员能坚守承担义务吗?)

SALT(Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty)战略武器限制公约
例如:Should every nation join(the)SALT?(每个国家都要加入 SALT?)

NASA(National Aeronautics and Space Administration)美国航天太空总署
例句:The U.S. space programs depend on the performances of NASA.(美国的太空计画是靠NASA的表现而定。)
(注:以上缩写字也被人们当做一个字看待)

WHO(World Health Organization)世界卫生组织
例句:Taiwan has been trying to become one of the WHO members.(台湾一直想办法成为WHO的成员之一)

FBI(Federal Bureau of Investigation)联邦调查局(负责美国境内)

CIA(Central Intelligence Agency)中央情报局(负责国外)
例句:Over the past years, Dr. and Mrs. Lee have worked for both FBI and CIA.(过去多年来李博士夫妇都为 FBI 和 CIA 工作)

FDA(Food and Drug Administration)美国食品药物管理局
例句:This new drug has to be approved by the FDA.(这新药要经 FDA 批准)

USDA(United States Department of Agriculture)美国农业部
例句:USDA supplies myriad of information on agriculture market.(有关农业市场,USDA 供应大量资料。)

IRS(Internal Revenue Service)美国税务局
例句:Employees working for IRS should be courteous toward tax payers.(IRS 员工对纳税人应该有礼貌)

NAACP(National Association for the Advancement of Color People)(全国黑人权益促进会,即黑人为了增进权益的最大机构)
例句:Many African-Americans join NAACP.(许多美国黑人参加 NAACP)

NIH(National Institute of Health)
例句:Mr. Wang has worked at NIH as a researcher.(王先生在 NIH 担任研究员)

AARP (American Association of Retired People.)(美国退休人员协会)
例句:At age 50, you are eligible to be a member of AARP.(如果你 50 岁就可以成为 AARP 的会员)

AAUP (American Association of University Professors) (美国大学教授协会)
例句:The AAUP has many branches at different colleges and universities in the U.S. (AAUP 在美国各大学有很多分会)

SCORE (Services Corps of Retired Executives)(退休主管服务队)(这是美国企业界主管退休后,免费担任顾问,协助年轻人创业的团体。)
(注意:corps 单复数一样,发音与 corpse 不同,要小心。)
(注:老外在机构名称缩写字前面,有时加冠词 the, a ,an,有时不加,不过在正式文件里,通常都加。)

2. 一般考试名称:

SAT (Scholastic Aptitude Test) 学术能力倾向测验 (就是美国为高中生想进大学而设的考试)
例句:The well-known universities accept new students based on SAT scores and well-rounded personalities. (名大学接受新生根据 SAT 成绩及各方面优良的品德)

GPA (Grade Point Average)(学业成绩总平均)
例句:His GPA always stands on the top of his class. (他的 GPA 都是全班第一)

GED (General Equivalent Diploma); 一般同等文凭(高中没有毕业的学生,如果参加 GED,及格后,就可取得高中毕业证书)
例句:If he passes GED test, he will earn a high school diploma.

AP (advanced placement) 在校高中生,如果选修 AP 课程,考试及格,将来进大学时,可不必再修。
例句:His son took some AP courses at high school.

GMAT (Graduate Management Admission Test) 美国为攻读企管硕士 (MBA) 学生而设的入学考试
例句:In order to enter a MBA program, you need a high score on GMAT.

LSAT (Law School Admission Test) 美国为攻读法律学生而设的入学考试
例句:He did very well in his LSAT. (他的 LSAT 考得不错)

MCAT (Medical College Admission Test) 美国为进入医学院学生而设的考试
例句:Do you think he will do well in his MCAT?

GRE (Graduate Record Exam) 这是美国大学研究所对一般研究生的入学考试
例句:Most American graduate schools require GRE scores.(多半美国研究所需要 GRE 成绩)

TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language) 外国学生想进美国大学的英语能力考试(即所谓:「托福」考试)
例句:Almost all Chinese college graduates are required to take TOEFL if they come to the U.S. for advanced degrees. (几乎所有的中国大学毕业生都要参加 TOEFL,假如他们要到美国取得高学位的话。)

CLEP(College Level Exam Program) 任何人只要有学识专长,都可参加这种考试,一旦及格,就可取得大学的学分。
例句:As long as you pass CLEP, You may earn college credits.(只要你通过 CLEP,就能获得大学学分。)
(注:老外一般所谓「大学」只说 College,不说 University)

ESOL(English for Speakers of Other Languages) 这是美国为新来移民或外国学生所设的特别英语课程。也叫 ESL(English as a Second Language)
例句:Many American campuses offer ESOL courses for foreign students.(许多美国校园为外国学生开设 ESOL 课程)

******

常见的英文缩写(中)

3. 一般生活方面:

EOE (Equal Opportunity Employer) 这是美国各机构招考员工时向申请工作者表明自己是「平等机会雇主」。
例句:All African-Americans hope that their employments will be based on EOE.(所有美国黑人都希望他们的工作机会均等)

DOQ (Depending on Qualifications) 根据申请工作者的资历决定是否雇用。
例句:The DOQ policy is being used by our school in hiring new teachers. (聘请新教师时,本校采用 DOQ 政策。)

PR (Public Relation) 公共关系
例句:The college president wants to improve its PR with the community.(大学校长想与社区增进公共关系)

CEO (Chief Executive Officer) 最高行政执行长 (多半指企业界或公司领导人)
例句:The CEO of this company will resign because of poor health. (这公司的 CEO 因为身体不好而辞职)

CPA (Certified Public Accountant) 美国有执照的会计师
例句:Do you have a CPA to prepare your income tax?(你有 CPA 为你报税吗?)

COLA (Cost of Living Adjustment) 生活费用的调整(即加薪时是按生活指数而定)
例句:Our annual pay raise will be based on COLA.

STD (Sexually Transmitted Disease) = VD = Venereal Disease 性病(现在 STD 较常用)
例句:Many teen-agers face STD problems.(许多青少年面临 STD 问题)

SOA (Sexually Oriented Advertisement) 有关性方面的广告
例句:Don\'t you feel we have too much SOA in the media?(你不认为在媒体上有太多的 SOA 吗?)

GOP (Grand Old Party) 美国共和党另一称呼 = Republican Party
例句:The GOP has nominated Mr. Bush as its Presidential candidate.(GOP 已提名 Bush 先生为总统候选人)

PMS (Pre-menstrual Syndrome) 这是女人在月经前不舒服或心情不好所常用的缩写字
例句:Don\'t bother her; she has PMS.

ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) 指青少年不能集中注意力,静不下来的一种病症。
例句:Tens of thousands of youngsters are suffering from ADHD in the U.S. (在美国成千上万的青少年有 ADHD 的毛病)

RSVP (Respondez sil vous plait) 这是法文,通常在请帖上使用的「敬请回音」= Please reply(或 respond)
例句:There is“RSVP”on the invitation card.

BYOB (bring your own bottle) 老外请客时,为了减少负担或个人爱好酒的品种,在请帖上注明「请自己带酒」。
例句:Whenever he invites guests, he asks “BYOB”。 (他只要请客,就要人家自己带酒。)

AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Sydrome) 爱滋病
例句:AIDS has spread all over the world.

CPR (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation) 心脏病急救法
例句:Everyone should learn how to do CPR.

EKG (Electrocardiography) 心电图检查 (不是 ECG)
例句:Her physician asks her to have an EKG next week. (医生要她下周做 EKG)

IV (intravenous injection) 为病人注射的点滴
例句:In the hospital emergency room, I saw a patient with an IV on his arm. (在医院

I'm=I am
are not=aren't
is not=isn't
cannot=can't
what is(are)=what's('re)
adv.
n.
cn.un.
adj.
prep.
v.vi.vt.
int.
num.

I。P。 P。E。