陶瓷品牌起名:help一下

很简单。限制性定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面，和主句之间没有逗号隔开，修饰先行词，可以翻译为“......的”，与主句关系密切，不能将它省略，否则主句意思不完整。非限制性定语从句最明显的特征是它与主句之间有逗号隔开，另外，非限制性定语从句是对先行词的补充说明，将它省略不影响主句意思完整，翻译时也不一定要译为“......的”。

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

1．Restrictive Attributive Clause and Non-restrictive Attributive Clause:

How do you apologize to your friend whose bike you lost?

The knife and fork that are closest to your plate are bigger than the ones beside them.

Dinner starts with a small dish, which is often called a starter.

2．Explanations in Chinese—限制性和非限制性定语从句

（1）定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：

This is the house which we bought last month.

这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）

The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.

这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）

（2）当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。例如：

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.

查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.

我去年买的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。

This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.

这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。

（3）非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.

他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.

液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。

说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。

三、如何判断关系代词与关系副词

方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.

I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.

判断改错：

1．This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

2．I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

[答案]

方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例：

1．Is this museum ________ you visited a few days ago?

A．where B．that

C．on which D．the one

2．Is this the museum ________ the exhibition was held?

A．where B．that

C．on which D．the one

答案：例1 D；例2 A

例1变为肯定句：This museum is ________ you visited a few days ago.

例2变为肯定句：This is the museum _________ the exhibition was held.

在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既作了主句的表语，又可作从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。

在句2中，主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分缺句子的状语，表地点，既可用副词where，又因in the museum词组可用介词in＋which引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on用的不对，所以选A。

关系词的选择依据在从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词（where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语）。